| Status: |
STD 2005/06/07 |
| Code: |
95 |
| Symbol: |
J |
| EQ label: |
ENERGY |
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| Quantities associated with this Unit |
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| Quantity: |
energy imparted
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| Concept definition: |
For ionizing radiation in the matter in a given 3D domain, Σiεi, where the energy deposit, εi is the energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] deposited in a single interaction i, and is given by εi = εin - εout + Q, where εin is the energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of the incident ionizing particle, excluding rest energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-3], εout is the sum of the energies [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of all ionizing particles leaving the interaction, excluding rest energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-3], and Q is the change in the rest energies [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-3] of the nucleus and of all particles involved in the interaction. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-83.a and item 10-83.1] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
gap energy
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| Concept definition: |
The difference in energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4.27.4] between the lowest level of conduction band and the highest level of valence band. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-28.b and item 12-28.2] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
maximum beta particle energy
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| Concept definition: |
The maximum energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of the energy spectrum in a beta disintegration process. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-35.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
beta disintegration energy
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| Concept definition: |
The sum of the maximum beta particle energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-35] and the recoil energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of the atom produced in the reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-36.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
reaction energy
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| Concept definition: |
In a nuclear reaction, the sum of the kinetic energies [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.3] and photon energies [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of the reaction products minus the sum of the kinetic and photon energies of the reactants. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-38.a and 10-38.1] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
resonance energy
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| Concept definition: |
Kinetic energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.3] of an incident particle, in the reference frame of the target, corresponding to a resonance in a nuclear reaction. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-38.a and item 10-38.2] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
average energy loss per elementary charge produced
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| Concept definition: |
Ek/Ni,where Ek is the initial kinetic energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.3] of an ionizing charged particle and Ni is the total ionization [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-61] produced by that particle. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-62.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
mean energy imparted
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| Concept definition: |
To the matter in a given domain, Rin - Rout + ΣQ, where Rin is the radiant energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-46] of all those charged and uncharged ionizing particles that enter the domain, Rout is the radiant energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-46] of all those charged and uncharged ionizing particles that leave the domain, and ΣQ is the sum of all changes of the rest energy [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-3] of nuclei and elementary particles that occur in that domain. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-83.a and item 10-83.2] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
work function
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| Concept definition: |
The energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4.27.4] difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at a certain energy level [ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-25.1]. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-25.a and item 12-25.2] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
electron affinity
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| Concept definition: |
The energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4.27.4] difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the lowest level of the conduction band in an insulator or semiconductor. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-26.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
Fermi energy
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| Concept definition: |
In a metal, the highest occupied energy level [ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-25.1] at zero thermodynamic temperature [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-1]. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-28.a and item 12-28.1] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
exchange integral
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| Concept definition: |
The constituent of the interaction energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.4] between the spins of adjacent electrons in matter arising from the overlap of electron state functions. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-12:2009, item 12-35.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
work
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| Concept definition: |
The integral of P over t, where P is power [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-26] and t is time [ISO 80000-3:2006, item 3-7].
1 J = 1 N·m = 1 (m2 · kg)/s2. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.a and item 4-27.1] |
| Supplemental references: |
[ISO 80000-1:2009, Table 2, "energy"] |
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| Quantity: |
heat (amount of heat)
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| Concept definition: |
The difference between the increase in the total energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of a physical system and the work done on the system, provided that the amounts of substances within the system are not changed. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-6.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
enthalpy
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| Concept definition: |
U + pV, where U is internal energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.2], p is pressure [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-15.1], and V is volume [ISO 80000-3:2006, item 3-4]. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.a and item 5-20.3] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
radiant energy
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| Concept definition: |
The energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] emitted, transferred or received as radiation. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-7:2008, item 7-6.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
level width
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| Concept definition: |
ℏ/τ, where ℏ is the reduced Planck constant [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-6.2] and τ is the mean lifetime [ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-27]. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-28.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
alpha disintegration energy
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| Concept definition: |
The sum of the kinetic energy [ISO 80000-3:2006, item 4-27.3] of the α particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy [ISO 80000-5:2007, item 5-20.1] of the product atom in the reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-10:2009, item 10-34.a] |
| Supplemental references: |
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| Quantity: |
potential energy
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| Concept definition: |
The negative of the integral of F over r, where F is a conservative force [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-9.1] and r is a position vector [ISO 80000-3:2006, item 3-1.11].
1 J = 1 N·m = 1 (m2 · kg)/s2. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.a and item 4-27.2] |
| Supplemental references: |
[ISO 80000-1:2009, Table 2, "energy"] |
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| Quantity: |
kinetic energy
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| Concept definition: |
For a particle, mv2/2, where m is mass [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-1] and v is speed [ISO 80000-3:2006, item 3-8.1].
1 J = 1 N·m = 1 (m2 · kg)/s2. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.a and item 4-27.3] |
| Supplemental references: |
[ISO 80000-1:2009, Table 2, "energy"] |
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| Quantity: |
mechanical energy
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| Concept definition: |
T + V, where T is kinetic energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.3] and V is potential energy [ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.2].
1 J = 1 N·m = 1 (m2 · kg)/s2. |
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| Reference type: |
PR |
| Reference: |
[ISO 80000-4:2006, item 4-27.a and item 4-27.4] |
| Supplemental references: |
[ISO 80000-1:2009, Table 2, "energy"] |
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